Microbial Etiology and Resistance Patterns of Urinary Tract Infection at a Tertiary Care Centre – A Hospital based Study

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common diagnosed in clinical practice. Treatment is often initiated before microbiological confirmation and anti-microbial susceptibility testing. With rapidly rising antibiotic resistance treatment failures not uncommon. Beta-lactamase production by gram-negative bacteria causing UTI commonest mode of drug resistance. The aim current study was to detect determine hospital based prevalence UTI, causative uropathogens their antimicrobial patterns. A total 9,518 clean catch, mid stream urine samples were processed over 2 years. Semi-quantitative cultures AST performed. Diverse underlying mechanisms determined detecting ESBLs, Carbapenemases, AmpC β-Lactamases, Metallo-β-Lactamases through various standardized phenotypic methods. Out tested 1171 (12.3%) culture positive. Majority (66.7%) from female patients. Highest (60%) seen patients > 40 years age. E. coli (48%) predominant organism, followed Enterococcus spp. (23%). Among GNB high rates observed against Beta-lactams, Beta-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations, fluoroquinolones. 34.5% confirmed as ESBL, 40% carbapenemase, 36.5% β-Lactamase, 41.5% MBL producers. We found very levels a broad range antibiotics including widely used β-lactam group. slopes getting steeper empirical UTIs might be fraught with danger many failures. Culturing performing for all prudent step rationale forward halting emergence further